Scissor Steel Types Explained

Every grade of steel a hairdressing scissor is made from, what it actually means at the chair, and which brands use it.

The single biggest difference between a $90 student shear and a $1,500 flagship is the steel — its hardness, how long it holds an edge, how well it resists the chemicals in your colour bowl, and how it feels as it closes. Hardness is usually quoted on the Rockwell C scale (HRC): higher numbers cut cleaner and hold longer but are more brittle and fussier to sharpen; lower numbers are tougher and more forgiving but dull sooner. Here's what each grade means in practice.

Steel grade

VG-10

Japan's most popular premium scissor steel — the sweet spot of edge life and value.

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Steel grade

440C

The workhorse stainless: tough, forgiving and easy to sharpen.

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Steel grade

ATS-314

A cobalt-bearing premium grade prized for a hard, long-lasting edge.

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Steel grade

Cobalt Alloy

Cobalt-rich alloys for the longest edge life and slide-cut smoothness.

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Steel grade

Damascus

Layered, patterned steel — as much art as engineering.

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Steel grade

Nano Powder Metal

Powder metallurgy for an ultra-uniform grain and exceptional longevity.

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Steel grade

Stellite Alloy

Over 50% cobalt — effectively rust-proof, rated for thousands of cuts.

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Steel grade

7Cr Stainless

An entry stainless used on budget and coated value shears.

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Match steel to your work

Use the steel grade as a shortcut: 440C to learn on, VG-10 for everyday professional cutting, cobalt and powder metal for high-volume specialists.

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